Stem Cells

Pretend you are a scientist researching a new drug for liver disease. You have decided you would like to test your drug out on a very specific type of liver cell. So you take some cells you harvested from liver … Continued

The Beautiful Immune System Lesson 7: The Beginning Innate Immune Response to a Microbe

Before reading this post, you may want to go back and read about innate immunity and the cell types that carry out these types of responses. Here. The innate immune system is our first line of defense against microorganisms. It not … Continued

THE BEAUTIFUL IMMUNE SYSTEM LESSON 6: Antibody Classes and the Immunoglobulins Test

The body’s immune system makes antibodies in response to something it believes needs to be destroyed. Most often, antibodies are made to attach to foreign substances, “immunogens”, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, animal dander, cancer cells…and the list goes … Continued

The beautiful immune system lesson 5: The fundamental aspects of adaptive immune responses

As stated in lesson 4, adaptive immune responses to foreign antigens are made up of cell-mediated and humoral processes. The lymphocytes that carry out these processes (T cells for cell-mediated and B-cells for humoral) have fundamental properties that are essential for … Continued